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Curriculum & Instruction » Balanced Literacy » Developmental Stages of Reading and Writing
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Developmental Stages of Reading and Writing
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*Think about your child when reading what is the norm for school age children at different stages of reading and writing development. If you have concerns, contact your child's teacher.
 Writing Developmental Stages
Emergent Writer: typical for ages 5 to 6 - draws a picture to tell a story
- understands that writing is communication in written form
- uses scribble writing and symbol writing
- uses left to right progression
- uses intial consonants
 - uses spaces between words
- selects writing topics
- tells a story or "reads" writing to others
Early Writer: ages 6 to 7 - uses invented spelling
- uses initial and final consonants
- places vowels correctly in words
- uses many high-frequency words as he/she writes
- creates a title for his/her story has a beginning, middle, and end in his/her story
- begins using dialogue
- uses capitals and periods
- begins using editing and identifies misspelled words
- uses environment as a resource for spelling correctly and writing ideas
Fluent Writer: ages 6 to 8 develops parts of the story understands knowledge about topics runs topics throughout entire story adds details to the story writes paragraphs uses word endings uses punctuation such as question mark, comma, exclamation mark, and quotation marks. initiates the editing process
 Reading Developmental Stages
Emergent Reader: ages 5 to 6  knows that the text goes from left to right can distinguish between lower case and upper case letters can blend phonemes uses picture for clues retells a simple story which is read to them recalls some details knows names of letters identifies consonant sounds at beginning and end of words understands the difference between letters and words notices and reads environmental print reads one word at a time-choppy selects simple repetitious books reads favorite books over and over silent sustained reading 5-10 minutes has the desire to be a fluent reader enjoys retelling stories make predictions and tells why
Early Reader : ages 6 to 7  sequences events in story tells main idea makes predictions identifies main characters identifies setting differentiates between fact and fiction identifies high frequency words some awareness of medial vowel sounds uses context clues begins to self correct understands the meaning of . ? ! pauses and uses appropriate inflection for punctuation reads phrases selects a variety of books silent sustained reading 10-15 minutes begins to feel confident when reading silently or orally
Fluent Reader : ages 6 to 8 recognizes plot of story recognizes problem and solution in a story evaluates character's actions or behaviors uses a variety of clues to decode unfamiliar words identifies blends, digraphs, diphthongs applies vowel rules to sound out words understands affixes uses punctuation correctly reads with expression reads smoothly selects a wide variety of books may select chapter books silent sustained reading at least 20 minutes confident enjoys sharing favorite books enjoys challenges selects reading during free time summarizes main events of a story
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